Different types of antifreeze Antifreeze is generally comprised of one of two types of glycol: Ethylene glycol antifreeze: Until recently, the most common glycol in antifreeze was ethylene glycol, a toxic material that can cause birth defects, reproductive damage or even death if ingested and requires very specific handling.
Propylene glycol antifreeze: An alternative antifreeze base is propylene glycol. There is very little difference in the performance of either substance — the advantage is the toxicity level. Propylene glycol antifreeze is significantly less toxic than ethylene glycol. This doesn't mean children or pets can ingest it without harm, but, like alcohol, propylene glycol is not toxic at low levels.
How to dispose of coolant Any antifreeze, whether ethylene or propylene glycol based, picks up heavy-metal contamination during use. Coolant maintenance Like any other engine fluid, the coolant needs to be checked on a regular basis. Most vehicles have a coolant recovery tank or overflow reservoir, which makes checking the fluid level a lot easier and safer. As long as the radiator cap remains sealed, the coolant can expand and contract without losing a drop. How to check coolant level You can check your coolant level simply by looking at the overflow tank.
The rate includes graduates who completed manufacturer-specific advanced training programs and those employed in positions that were obtained before or during their UTI education, where the primary job duties after graduation align with the educational and training objectives of the program. UTI is an educational institution and cannot guarantee employment or salary.
Individual circumstances and wages depend on personal credentials and economic factors. Work experience, industry certifications, the location of the employer and their compensation programs affect wages. Awards vary due to specific conditions, criteria and state. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections , www. Job openings include openings due to growth and net replacements.
Special conditions may apply. Talk to potential employers to learn more about the programs available in your area. Programs available at select locations. Department of Veterans Affairs VA.
More information about education benefits offered by VA is available at the official U. Entry-level salaries may be lower. UTI programs prepare graduates for careers in industries using the provided training, primarily as automotive technicians.
Some UTI graduates get jobs within their field of study in positions other than as a technician, such as service writer, smog inspector and parts manager. North Carolina salary information: The U.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics does not publish entry-level salary data. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics, viewed June 2, UTI programs prepare graduates for careers in industries using the provided training, primarily as welding technicians.
Some UTI graduates get jobs within their field of study in positions other than as a technician, such as certified inspector and quality control. Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers, viewed June 2, UTI programs prepare graduates for careers in industries using the provided training, primarily as collision repair technicians. Some UTI graduates get jobs within their field of study in positions other than as a technician, such as appraiser, estimator and inspector.
Automotive Body and Related Repairers, viewed June 2, UTI programs prepare graduates for careers in industries using the provided training, primarily as diesel technicians. Some UTI graduates get jobs within their field of study in positions other than as a diesel truck technician, such as maintenance technician, locomotive technician and marine diesel technician.
MMI is an educational institution and cannot guarantee employment or salary. MMI programs prepare graduates for careers in industries using the provided training, primarily as motorcycle technicians. Some MMI graduates get jobs within their field of study in positions other than as a technician, such as service writer, equipment maintenance, and parts associate. Motorcycle Mechanics, viewed June 2, MMI programs prepare graduates for careers in industries using the provided training, primarily as marine technicians.
Some MMI graduates get jobs within their field of study in positions other than as a technician, such as equipment maintenance, inspector and parts associate. Motorboat Mechanics and Service Technicians, viewed June 2, For details, contact the program representative at the campus you are interested in attending.
UTI programs prepare graduates for careers in industries using the provided training, primarily as CNC machining technicians. Some UTI graduates get jobs within their field of study in positions other than as a technician, such as CNC operator, apprentice machinist, and machined parts inspector. The implications of this functional difference are enormous: extended life cycles, unsurpassed hightemperature aluminum protection, as well as heat transfer advantages on both hot engine surfaces and heat-rejecting radiator tubes where heat transfer is critical to optimal performance.
Highquality carboxylate-based coolants have demonstrated performance of more than 32, hours in stationary engine applications without being changed. One measure of true extended life performance is that at the end of a fleet test, the used coolant can be removed from the engine and still successfully pass tests designed for fresh coolants!
The aftermarket is filled with high and low-quality coolants of all colors; therefore, color is not a good indicator of the type of coolant. The best maintenance practice is to know the exact coolant required for and placed into an engine, and to control any fluid used to top-off the equipment. Although many techniques are available, a refractometer should be used to measure the glycol water ratio because it offers the most reliable method to identify the precise glycol content of the coolant.
This determines the level of freeze protection and ensures the proper concentrations of corrosion inhibitors. Another preventive maintenance measure includes checking the cooling system itself to confirm that it is full and operating properly. Operating with low coolant can lead to many problems because a coolant cannot protect surfaces that it does not contact, and glycol water vapors can be corrosive. Just checking an overflow tank that is not part of the flow system can be misleading if the system is not working properly.
Also, the radiator cap itself can be an integral part of the system if it is designed to hold a specific pressure.
These caps may be tested to determine whether they are holding the proper pressure, which is key to the smooth operation of the system. If system pressure is operating lower than designed, the coolant will boil at a lower temperature. Rapid boiling known as film boiling can lead to severe corrosion due to hot spots and improper engine coolant contact. Lots of misinformation about the compatibility of the different types of coolant technologies exists in literature and the marketplace.
While it is not good maintenance practice to mix two different coolants, it will not result in compatibility issues as long as coolants from high-quality, reputable suppliers are used. Coolants are generally considered to be compatible, however, mixing coolants of two different qualities results in a mixture of intermediate quality.
While not a disaster, mixing a great coolant with a mediocre coolant will result in a coolant with something of less than great performance. Overdilution with water would have a negative effect, because the corrosion inhibitors would be present in the engine at quantities lower than originally designed. Coolants work over a range of dilutions. The optimum for most coolant systems is 50 percent coolant and 50 percent good-quality water, and in general coolants tolerate dilution down to about 40 percent concentrate and 60 percent water.
Conventional coolants containing silicates degrade primarily due to rapid inhibitor depletion. This is because silicates lay down protective layers over the system components as part of their protection mechanism. Therefore, coolant inhibitors must be replenished or changed regularly to ensure the surfaces will remain protected if the silicate layer is disturbed. In general, coolants degrade over time as the ethylene glycol breaks down into primarily glycolic and formic acids.
Degradation occurs more quickly in engines operating at higher temperatures or those that allow more air into cooling systems. The coolant should be tested on an annual basis if it is intended to operate the system for several years between coolant changes, and particularly where the coolant is used in severe applications.
And by the time you get that problem, people have forgotten that they used the wrong coolant and think the radiator has simply failed as a part. And because coolant-related problems happen inside the motor, you might not realize the damage being caused unless you look at the cooling passages and the internal heat-transfer surfaces of the engine.
The amount of time between coolant changes has been steadily increasing as engine technology improves. As recently as two decades ago, changing your coolant every two years was the standard recommendation. Then, about a decade ago, that span increased to five years. In fact, some vehicles are filled for life. But the one thing they all have in common is that they need to be protected. An error occurred while submitting your email address to the mailing list.
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