Directions Make a Payment Request an Appointment. Anemia and Colon Cancer. Some common symptoms of anemia are fatigue, shortness of breath, racing heart and paleness. Previous Story Next Story. Virtual colonoscopy may be an option for people who are unable or unwilling to undergo the regular colonoscopy procedure, but it is less accurate and highly dependent on the skill and experience of the radiologist.
Virtual colonoscopy does not require sedation but still requires a thorough bowel preparation, and the inflation of the colon with gas may be uncomfortable. Additionally, unlike with regular colonoscopy, lesions cannot be removed for examination under a microscope biopsied during the procedure. Virtual colonoscopy can show whether cancer has spread outside of the colon to the lymph nodes or liver but is not good for detecting small polyps in the colon.
This test is done every 5 years. People with Lynch syndrome require ongoing screening for other cancers. Such screening includes ultrasonography of the female organs done through the vagina , examination of cells taken from the lining of the uterus endometrium with a suction device, and tests of the blood and urine. Close family members of people with Lynch syndrome who have not had genetic testing should have colonoscopy every 1 to 2 years beginning in their 20s and then every year after age Close family members who are women should be tested every year for endometrial and ovarian cancer.
In addition to having a colonoscopy every 1 to 2 years called surveillance colonoscopy , people with MUTYH polyposis syndrome also should be screened for tumors of the stomach and duodenum, thyroid, bladder, ovaries, and skin. Colon cancer is most likely to be cured if it is removed early, before it has spread. Cancers that have grown deeply or through the wall of the colon have often spread, and sometimes these cancers cannot be detected. In most cases of colon cancer, the cancerous segment of the intestine and any nearby lymph nodes are removed surgically, and the remaining ends of the intestine are joined.
If the cancer has penetrated the wall of the large intestine and spread to a very limited number of nearby lymph nodes, chemotherapy after surgical removal of all visible cancer may lengthen survival time, although the effects of these treatments are often modest. For rectal cancer, the type of operation depends on how far the cancer is located from the anus and how deeply it has grown into the rectal wall. The complete removal of the rectum and anus means the person needs a permanent colostomy.
A colostomy is a surgically created opening between the large intestine and the abdominal wall. The contents of the large intestine empty through the abdominal wall into a colostomy bag.
If doctors can leave part of the rectum and the anus is intact, the colostomy may be temporary. After these tissues have had time to heal over several months , another surgery can be done to rejoin the rectal stump to the end of the large intestine, and the colostomy can be closed.
In a colostomy, the large intestine colon is cut. The part that remains connected to the colon is brought to the skin surface through an opening that has been formed. The part is then stitched to the skin. Stool passes through the opening and into a disposable bag. When rectal cancer has penetrated the rectal wall and spread to a very limited number of nearby lymph nodes, giving chemotherapy plus radiation therapy see Combination Cancer Therapy Combination Cancer Therapy Cancer drugs are most effective when given in combination.
The rationale for combination therapy is to use drugs that work by different mechanisms, thereby decreasing the likelihood that resistant Some doctors give chemotherapy and radiation therapy before surgery. When cancer has spread to lymph nodes far from the colon or rectum, to the lining of the abdominal cavity, or to other organs, the cancer cannot be cured by surgery alone.
However, surgery is sometimes done to relieve any intestinal obstruction and ease symptoms. Chemotherapy with a single drug or combination of drugs may shrink the cancer and prolong life for several months. The doctor usually discusses end-of-life care with the person, the family, and other health care practitioners see Treatment Options at the End of Life Treatment Options at the End of Life Often, the available choices for end-of-life care involve a decision whether to accept the likelihood of dying sooner but to be more comfortable or attempt to live slightly longer by receiving STAGE 0: Cancer is limited to the inner layer lining of the large intestine colon covering the polyp.
STAGE 1: Cancer spreads to the space between the inner layer and muscle layer of the large intestine. This space contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymph vessels. STAGE 4 not shown : Cancer spreads to other organs, such as the liver, lungs, or ovaries, or to the lining of the abdominal cavity peritoneum. Nausea and vomiting can occur if a colon or rectal tumor is obstructing the bowel and inhibiting the passage of liquid or solid waste or gas.
Bowel blockage can also be accompanied by painful abdominal cramps, bloating and constipation. Nausea and vomiting are symptoms of a range of conditions, which may be benign or serious. If you experience persistent nausea, signs of dehydration or vomiting that lasts for more than 24 hours, seek immediate medical treatment. Anemia is a blood disorder characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin.
In patients with colon or rectal cancer, intestinal bleeding may cause anemia. Depending on the location of the bleeding within the colon, anemia can be the first sign that blood loss is occurring. Common symptoms of anemia include skin pallor paleness , increased heart rate, fatigue, dizziness and irregular menstruation.
Losing weight, losing your appetite or feeling weak are all possible signs of colon or rectal cancer along with many other unrelated conditions. Blood in the stool, even if it only appears intermittently, should never be ignored.
Common local symptoms include:. If you experience these possible symptoms of colorectal cancer for an extended period of time, it is important that you visit a health care professional. Systemic colorectal cancer symptoms may impact more than the digestive tract and affect your entire body.
Common systemic symptoms of colorectal cancer include:. During stage 1 of colon cancer , no obvious signs or symptoms may have developed. As symptoms develop, they may vary depending on the tumor's size and location in the large intestine.
Early symptoms may affect only the colon and result in changes in bowel habits. As the cancer grows, it may spread, producing systemic symptoms that affect your whole body, such as fatigue and weight loss. Some changes in bowels habits that may be considered colon cancer signs include:.
The symptoms of rectal cancer may be similar to those of other bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.
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