The Quit India movement was the last major civil disobedience movement organized before India became a sovereign nation in In this photo, freedom fighters can be seen burning foreign-made goods in protest against the Raj. In the early s, the Raj was becoming increasingly unpopular in the Indian sub-continent, especially because India had been forced to participate in the bloodiest armed conflict in human history - the Second World War. Gandhi had famously called the offer "a post-dated check on a crashing bank.
Another important reason for the launch of the Quit India movement was the threat posed by Japanese Axis troops, who were closing in on India's north-eastern border in Indian leaders didn't have confidence in Britain's ability to defend their country. In this photo, young protesters carry the tricolour at a procession. Nifty 18, Zomato Ltd. Similarly, what was Gandhi speech about? He called for determined, but passive resistance in his speech on 8 August He told the masses to act as an independent nation.
He called for determined, but passive resistance that signified the certitude that Gandhi foresaw for the movement, best described by his call to Do or Die. The iconic ' Quit India ' slogan was coined by socialist Congress leader and then mayor of Bombay, Yusuf Meherally, who is believed to have proposed the phrase to Mahatma Gandhi during a meeting in Gandhi believed in leading by example.
His presence was his slogan. His character was his slogan. In his Quit India speech, Mahatma Gandhi asked all Indians including teachers to leave their jobs and take part in the movement. The Quit India movement called for India's immediate independence and was launched in protest against sending Indians to fight for the British in the Second World War.
In his youth, Mahatma Gandhi faced phasmophobia -- the fear of ghosts -- reveals his grandson. Gandhi's non-cooperation movement , kicked off in the early s, called for Indians to boycott British goods and traditions and become self-reliant. His most famous protest came in , when Gandhi led thousands of Indians on a mile march to a coastal town to produce salt, on which the British had a monopoly. The British had at one point even mulled over the possibility of deporting Gandhi to Aden.
Civilians attacked railway stations and post offices, fought against police officers and held riots. The police and the British Army in India led a violent crackdown on the rioters, arresting over , people. Viceroy Lord Linlithgow compared the uprising to the failed Sepoy Rebellion of , when nearly one million Indians and thousands of Europeans were killed.
The total civilian deaths after the Quit India protests, however, were closer to 1, Protests erupted from Bombay to Delhi to Bengal; a steel plant closed for 13 days ; a strike at a textile factory lasted 3. And, crucially, Indians employed by the British government as police officers and administrative officials turned on their employer.
He told government servants to openly declare allegiance to the Congress, soldiers to refuse to fire on their own people, and Princes to accept the sovereignty of their own people rather than that of a foreign power. He asked the subjects of the Princely States to declare that they were part of the Indian nation, and would accept their rulers if only they agreed to be on the side of the people of India.
Early on August 9, , the government cracked down. The entire leadership of the Congress was arrested and taken to unknown destinations. It was the trigger for a volcano of public anger to erupt.
The Quit India Movement began spontaneously, without directions or instructions from the leaders of the National Movement.
In Bombay, Poona, and Ahmedabad, lakhs of people clashed violently with police on August 9. The government hit back with brute force, swinging lathis recklessly, and gagging the press. The protests spread rapidly into the district towns and villages across India. Through the entire time upto the middle of September, police stations, courts, post offices and other symbols of government authority were attacked.
Railway tracks were blocked, and groups of villagers offered satyagraha at various places. Students went on strike in schools and colleges across India, took out marches, and distributed illegal nationalist literature. Mill and factory workers in Bombay, Ahmedabad, Poona, Ahmednagar, and Jamshedpur stayed away for weeks.
Some organised protesters took to more violent methods, blowing up bridges, cutting telegraph wires, and taking apart railway lines. Trains were stopped, taken over, and national flags were put on them.
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